Geology and earth sciences
Understanding the history and physical changes of our Earth is one of the major focuses of Earth Sciences. More than any other discipline, Earth sciences is often the crossroads between the main three physical sciences (Biology, Physics, and Chemistry).
Within this discipline, we have scientists working to discover the components of the biosphere, the movement, and distribution of water on the Earth’s surface, as well as the age and development of the Earth itself.
Amongst the scientists here are also those who work within the crucial field of agriculture. Agronomist’s work over the centuries has been vital to ensure we can feed our ever-growing population.
Pre-19th century
Martine Bertereau (c.1600 – after 1642) – French Mineralogist
Charlotta Frölich (1698 – 1770) - Swedish Agronomist
Eliza Lucas Pinckney (1722 – 1793) - American Agriculturist
Eva Ekeblad (1724 – 1786) - Swedish Agronomist
Etheldred Benett (1776 – 1845) - English Geologist
Charlotte Murchison (1788 – 1869) - Scottish Geologist
19th century
Elizabeth Carne (1817 – 1873) - English Geologist
Fanny Bullock Workman (1858 – 1925) - American Geographer, Cartographer, and Explorer
Zonia Baber (1862 – 1955) - American Geologist
Florence Bascom (1862 – 1945) - American Geologist
Ellen Churchill Semple (1863 – 1932) - American Geographer
Maria Gordon (1864 - 1939) - Scottish Geologist and Palaeontologist
Ethel Shakespear (1871 – 1946) - English Geologist
Elizabeth F. Fisher (1872-1941American Geologist
Alice Wilson (1881 – 1964) - Canadian Geologist and Palaeontologist
Eileen Hendricks1887 – 1978) - English Geologist
Inge Lehmann (1888 – 1993) - Danish Seismologist
Marguerite Williams (1895 – 1991) - American Geologist
Maria Gordon (1896 – 1939) - Scottish Geologist and Palaeontologist
Isabel Bassett Wasson (1897 – 1994) - American Petroleum Geologist
Maria Klenova (1898 – 1976) - Russian Marine Geologist
20th century-Present
Dorothy Hill (1907 – 1997) - Australian Geologist
Katsuko Saruhashi (1920 – 2007) - Japanese Geochemist
Marjorie Sweeting (1920 – 1994) - British Geomorphologist
Marie Tharp (1920 – 2006) - American Geologist and Cartographer
Ursula Franklin (1921 – 2016) - Canadian Metallurgist and Physicist
Joanne Simpson (1923 – 2010) - American Meteorologist
Janet Watson (1923 – 1985) - British Geologist
Marcia Neugebauer (1932 - ) - American Geologist and space physicist
Elsa G. Vilmundardóttir (1932 – 2008) - Icelandic Geologist
Marcia McNutt (1951 - ) - American Geophysicists
Kathryn D. Sullivan (1951 - ) - American Geologist and Astronaut
Carolyn Porco (1953 - ) - American Planetary Scientist
Susan Solomon (1956 - ) - American Atmospheric chemist
Cynthia E. Rosenzweig (1958 - ) - American Climatologist
Claudia Alexander (1959-2015) - American Geophysicist and Planetary Scientist
Hope Jahren (1979 -) - American Geochemist
Joy Crisp (fl. 1989) - American Planetary Geologist